Get the sample weekly report

State · VA

Medical billing services in Virginia

Short answer

Medical billing services in Virginia start with Cardinal Care: five health plans have carried Medicaid managed care since July 1, 2025, and every network clinician still has to enroll and revalidate in DMAS's PRSS portal. Commercial carriers must pay a claim within 40 days under Va.

Code 38.2-3407.15, can only take back a paid claim within 12 months of payment, and must list the CARC and RARC on any downcoded claim and give you at least 180 days to dispute it. A Remitwright dedicated biller works those rules, serving Virginia practices remotely. Rules for other states are on the medical billing services by state page.

Last reviewed by the Remitwright billing team. Editorial policy

  • Facts verified October 30, 2026

Billing in Virginia: what's different

The rules below change how a claim is filed and paid in Virginia. Each line links to the official page it was read from, and the date at the top of this page is when it was last checked.

Key facts for Virginia, each with its source
FactIn VirginiaSource
Medicaid programVirginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care)Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS)1
Fee-for-service portalMedicaid Enterprise System (MES) portal, with the PRSS provider module1
How Medicaid is deliveredCardinal Care Managed Care2
Managed care plans5 plansAetna Better Health of Virginia, Anthem HealthKeepers Plus, Humana Healthy Horizons of Virginia, Sentara Health Plans, UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc.2
Medicaid timely filing (fee-for-service)12 months from the date of service4
Prompt-pay lawVa. Code 38.2-3407.155
NEMTBroker model on both sides8

Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care)

Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care) is run by the Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS). Fee-for-service claims and provider enrollment go through the Medicaid Enterprise System (MES) portal, with the PRSS provider module1, at vamedicaid.dmas.virginia.gov. Cardinal Care Managed Care: five health plans have served Virginia Medicaid members since July 1, 2025, with a separate foster care specialty plan administered by Anthem HealthKeepers Plus2. DMAS describes the July 2025 launch as the largest Medicaid health program launch in Virginia's history, covering 1.4 million people. Humana Healthy Horizons of Virginia is the new plan in this contract round.

Fee-for-service filing limit: 12 months from the date of service, counted from DMAS's documented receipt of the claim rather than the day it was sent4. When DMAS has no record of a claim, the provider carries the burden of proving it was received. A claim filed on time with Medicare can be paid up to six months after the Medicare disposition notice. A retraction by a third-party payer, or a notice of delayed eligibility from the local department of social services, starts a fresh 12-month period. A denied claim can be resubmitted for reconsideration only if it was first filed within 12 months of the service and comes back within 13 months of the original denial. Managed care plans set their own limits in their provider manuals, so the deadline on a Virginia Medicaid claim depends on which plan holds the member on the date of service.

Managed care plans2

  • Aetna Better Health of Virginia
  • Anthem HealthKeepers PlusAlso runs the foster care specialty plan
  • Humana Healthy Horizons of VirginiaNew from July 1, 2025
  • Sentara Health Plans
  • UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc.

Each plan is credentialed separately, has its own portal and its own appeal route. A practice that joins Virginia Medicaid through one plan is not in network with the others until each contract is in place.

Commercial payers and the prompt-pay law

Commercial payers active in Virginia7: HealthKeepers, Inc., Sentara Health Plans, CareFirst BlueChoice, Inc., Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc., Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid-Atlantic States, Inc., Cigna Health and Life Insurance Co., Oscar Insurance Co., Optimum Choice, Inc. Filing windows, corrected-claim processes and appeal levels differ from one to the next, and each payer sets them out in its own provider manual; the timely filing limits table gathers verified payer deadlines with their sources.

Clean-claim payment window under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15: 40 days after the carrier receives the claim, unless a documented, reasonable basis makes the duty to pay unclear5. The carrier has 30 days from receipt to point out any defect that keeps the claim from being clean and ask for the missing information. Interest owed under Va. Code 38.2-3407.1 or the contract is paid without a demand, with the claim or within 60 days after it. The section covers carriers regulated under Title 38.2 and excludes Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP coverage, so Cardinal Care claims follow the plan contracts instead. That window sets the pace of A/R follow-up. Once a clean claim passes it, the claim is escalated to the payer with the statute cited, and interest is requested where the law provides for it.

NEMT and home care in Virginia

Non-emergency medical transportation. Broker model on both sides: DMAS contracts with ModivCare (formerly LogistiCare) for fee-for-service NEMT, and each Cardinal Care plan has its own broker, ModivCare for Aetna, Sentara, Humana and UnitedHealthcare, and Access2Care for Anthem8. Transportation providers do not enroll with DMAS for NEMT. They enroll with each broker, which enrolls providers and drivers, trains drivers, inspects vehicles, negotiates rates, preauthorizes and assigns trips, and pays for them. DMV operating authority and licensed vehicles are required first, and a broker may require more insurance than DMV does. The NEMT billing in Virginia page covers trip documentation, broker claims and reconciliation.

Electronic visit verification. Required for personal care, respite and companion services, including the consumer-directed versions added by the Virginia Appropriations Act, and for home health care services, for which DMAS received a good faith extension to July 20239. From October 1, 2026, every agency aide and consumer-directed attendant must record every shift with an approved EVV method, whether or not they live with the member. Consumer-directed attendants clock in and out through the fiscal employer agent's mobile app, with GPS turned on, or its IVR line; a shift entered through the web portal is not compliant. See home care billing in Virginia for waiver programs, EVV exceptions and authorizations.

Rules that change how Virginia claims are billed

  • Downcoded claims must show the CARC and RARC and get a 180-day dispute window5

    Under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15, a carrier may downcode only through a natural person or a system that applies correct coding standards and weighs everything the provider documented on the claim. The explanation of payment must say the claim was downcoded, name the claim adjustment reason and remittance advice remark codes, and show how to dispute. The provider contract has to allow at least 180 days from the downcoding notice to file a dispute, a natural person decides every dispute, and you may dispute claims in batches per patient.

  • A paid claim can only be taken back within 12 months, with 30 days' notice5

    A commercial carrier may retroactively deny or recover a paid claim only after naming the specific claims in writing and explaining why, and only if the claim was fraudulent, was paid twice or covered services not delivered, or the payment is no more than 12 months old. The carrier must give 30 days' notice before any recovery, unless you agreed in writing to offsets after the 12-month mark. A contract amendment takes effect only if you receive it at least 60 calendar days ahead and do not give notice to terminate within 30 days.

  • Out-of-network emergency and surgical claims go to negotiation, then arbitration11

    An out-of-network clinician cannot balance bill a patient for emergency care, or for surgical or ancillary services at an in-network facility; the patient owes only in-network cost sharing. The carrier must offer a commercially reasonable amount within 30 calendar days of a clean claim, you have 30 calendar days from payment to dispute it, and the two sides have 30 calendar days from the initial offer to negotiate. After that, either side can start arbitration by notifying the State Corporation Commission within 10 calendar days and can bundle claims for the same carrier and related procedures falling within two months of each other.

  • Every Cardinal Care network clinician is enrolled and revalidated in PRSS1

    Fee-for-service providers and Cardinal Care network providers alike must be enrolled in PRSS and revalidate at least every five years. DMAS sends the revalidation notice at least 90 days before the enrollment period ends, and a provider that misses the due date loses participation in fee-for-service and in every plan network until it re-enrolls.

  • For a denied fee-for-service claim, DMAS wants a corrected claim, not an appeal13

    DMAS asks providers to correct and resubmit a denied fee-for-service claim instead of appealing, because an appeal addresses only the denial reasons on the remittance advice and does not reprocess anything. Resubmitted claims are processed within 30 days or less, and a second denial comes with its own edits and new appeal rights. Members in a Cardinal Care plan are billed to that plan, not to DMAS.

Services for Virginia practices

Remitwright serves Virginia practices remotely, inside the practice management or EHR system the practice already uses. A dedicated biller works the account; nothing is pooled. Each service below explains what that biller does.

Next step

What a dedicated biller does on Virginia claims: charges, submission, posting, denials and A/R.

See medical billing services

FAQ

Questions from Virginia practices

What is the Virginia Medicaid timely filing limit?

For fee-for-service claims, DMAS must actually receive the claim within 12 months of the date of service under 12VAC30-95-10, and proof that you mailed or transmitted it does not count as proof of receipt. A claim filed on time with Medicare can be paid within six months of the Medicare disposition. A third-party retraction or a delayed eligibility notice starts a new 12-month period, and a denied claim must be resubmitted within 13 months of the first denial. Cardinal Care plans set their own limits in their contracts and manuals.

Do we still need DMAS enrollment if we only see Cardinal Care plan members?

Yes. DMAS requires Cardinal Care network providers, not just fee-for-service providers, to enroll in PRSS and to revalidate at least every five years. DMAS sends the revalidation notice at least 90 days before your enrollment period ends. Miss the due date and your participation ends in fee-for-service and in every plan network until you re-enroll, so your biller tracks each NPI's revalidation date alongside its plan credentialing dates.

A commercial payer downcoded our visits. What does Virginia require of them?

Va. Code 38.2-3407.15 lets a carrier downcode only through a person, or a system that follows correct coding standards and considers what you documented. The explanation of payment has to say the claim was downcoded, list the CARC and RARC behind it and explain how to dispute. Your contract must give you at least 180 days from the notice to dispute, a natural person has to decide it, and you can send disputes in batches per patient. Your biller reads the remark codes, pulls the note and files within that window.

A payer wants money back on claims from two years ago. Can they take it?

Usually not. Under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15 a commercial carrier can retroactively deny or recover a paid claim only if the claim was fraudulent, was already paid or covered services that were not delivered, or if no more than 12 months have passed since payment, unless you agreed in writing to later offsets. The carrier must name the claims in writing, explain why, and give you 30 days' notice first. Your biller checks the payment dates and the reason before any offset is accepted.

We were out of network for an emergency patient. How do we get paid?

Bill the carrier, not the patient beyond in-network cost sharing. The carrier has 30 calendar days from your clean claim to offer a commercially reasonable amount. If you disagree, notify the carrier within 30 calendar days of the payment; the two sides have 30 calendar days from the carrier's initial offer to negotiate, and either can start arbitration by notifying the State Corporation Commission within 10 calendar days after that. The arbitrator picks one side's final offer, and the fee is split unless a party defaults.

How does EVV work for Virginia personal care, and what changed on October 1, 2026?

Agencies choose their own EVV system, as long as it meets 12VAC30-60-65, and the fiscal employer agent runs the system for consumer-directed care. The system records the service, the member, the date, start and end times, the location at start and end, and the worker, and only a supervisor, owner or designee may adjust an agency aide's times. Since October 1, 2026, live-in aides and attendants must also clock every shift with an approved method, and web portal entries do not count.

How does a Medicaid patient get a ride to our office in Virginia?

Through a broker in every case. Fee-for-service members book with ModivCare, DMAS's contracted broker, and plan members book with their plan's broker: ModivCare for Aetna, Sentara, Humana and UnitedHealthcare, and Access2Care for Anthem. A transportation company enrolls with each broker rather than with DMAS, and the broker preauthorizes, assigns and pays every trip.

Which managed care plans run Medicaid in Virginia?

Five plans: Aetna Better Health of Virginia, Anthem HealthKeepers Plus, Humana Healthy Horizons of Virginia, Sentara Health Plans, UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. Cardinal Care Managed Care: five health plans have served Virginia Medicaid members since July 1, 2025, with a separate foster care specialty plan administered by Anthem HealthKeepers Plus.

How quickly must insurers in Virginia pay a clean claim?

Under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15, the window is 40 days after the carrier receives the claim, unless a documented, reasonable basis makes the duty to pay unclear. The carrier has 30 days from receipt to point out any defect that keeps the claim from being clean and ask for the missing information. Interest owed under Va. Code 38.2-3407.1 or the contract is paid without a demand, with the claim or within 60 days after it. The section covers carriers regulated under Title 38.2 and excludes Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP coverage, so Cardinal Care claims follow the plan contracts instead.

Who runs Medicaid in Virginia, and where do fee-for-service claims go?

Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care) is run by the Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS). Fee-for-service claims and provider enrollment go through the Medicaid Enterprise System (MES) portal, with the PRSS provider module at vamedicaid.dmas.virginia.gov.

Next step

Get a billing review for your Virginia practice

Three quick questions, no patient data. Tell us your payers and we reply in writing with what we would check first.

  • Three questions, about two minutes
  • No patient data, no software to buy
  • A written reply from a biller, not a sales deck

What happens next

  1. You answer three questions

  2. A billing specialist reads them

  3. A written reply by email

Prefer email? sales@remitwright.com

Get a billing review for your Virginia practice

See where claims are getting stuck. No patient data needed.

Step 1 of 3

What do you bill for?

A little about your volume
How many providers? (Medical practice)

Trips per month? (NEMT)

Active clients? (Home care / home health)

Orders per month? (DME)

How many clinicians? (Behavioral health / therapy)

Claims per month, roughly? (Something else)

What's the biggest problem right now?

Where should we send the review?

Add details (optional)

We work inside your system; this tells us which login to ask for.

Please don't include patient information in this form.

  • No patient data requested
  • No obligation
  • Reply in writing
Get a billing review
Billing review

Get a billing review

See where claims are getting stuck. No patient data needed.

Step 1 of 3

What do you bill for?

A little about your volume
How many providers? (Medical practice)

Trips per month? (NEMT)

Active clients? (Home care / home health)

Orders per month? (DME)

How many clinicians? (Behavioral health / therapy)

Claims per month, roughly? (Something else)

What's the biggest problem right now?

Where should we send the review?

Add details (optional)

We work inside your system; this tells us which login to ask for.

Please don't include patient information in this form.

  • No patient data requested
  • No obligation
  • Reply in writing

BAA signed before any access, a user you create, MFA on. Patient data stays in your systems. How access works