State · VA
Medical billing services in Virginia
Short answer
Medical billing services in Virginia start with Cardinal Care: five health plans have carried Medicaid managed care since July 1, 2025, and every network clinician still has to enroll and revalidate in DMAS's PRSS portal. Commercial carriers must pay a claim within 40 days under Va.
Code 38.2-3407.15, can only take back a paid claim within 12 months of payment, and must list the CARC and RARC on any downcoded claim and give you at least 180 days to dispute it. A Remitwright dedicated biller works those rules, serving Virginia practices remotely. Rules for other states are on the medical billing services by state page.
Last reviewed by the Remitwright billing team. Editorial policy
Billing in Virginia: what's different
The rules below change how a claim is filed and paid in Virginia. Each line links to the official page it was read from, and the date at the top of this page is when it was last checked.
| Fact | In Virginia | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Medicaid program | Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care)Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) | 1 |
| Fee-for-service portal | Medicaid Enterprise System (MES) portal, with the PRSS provider module | 1 |
| How Medicaid is delivered | Cardinal Care Managed Care | 2 |
| Managed care plans | 5 plansAetna Better Health of Virginia, Anthem HealthKeepers Plus, Humana Healthy Horizons of Virginia, Sentara Health Plans, UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. | 2 |
| Medicaid timely filing (fee-for-service) | 12 months from the date of service | 4 |
| Prompt-pay law | Va. Code 38.2-3407.15 | 5 |
| NEMT | Broker model on both sides | 8 |
Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care)
Virginia Medicaid (Cardinal Care) is run by the Virginia Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS). Fee-for-service claims and provider enrollment go through the Medicaid Enterprise System (MES) portal, with the PRSS provider module1, at vamedicaid.dmas.virginia.gov. Cardinal Care Managed Care: five health plans have served Virginia Medicaid members since July 1, 2025, with a separate foster care specialty plan administered by Anthem HealthKeepers Plus2. DMAS describes the July 2025 launch as the largest Medicaid health program launch in Virginia's history, covering 1.4 million people. Humana Healthy Horizons of Virginia is the new plan in this contract round.
Fee-for-service filing limit: 12 months from the date of service, counted from DMAS's documented receipt of the claim rather than the day it was sent4. When DMAS has no record of a claim, the provider carries the burden of proving it was received. A claim filed on time with Medicare can be paid up to six months after the Medicare disposition notice. A retraction by a third-party payer, or a notice of delayed eligibility from the local department of social services, starts a fresh 12-month period. A denied claim can be resubmitted for reconsideration only if it was first filed within 12 months of the service and comes back within 13 months of the original denial. Managed care plans set their own limits in their provider manuals, so the deadline on a Virginia Medicaid claim depends on which plan holds the member on the date of service.
Managed care plans2
- Aetna Better Health of Virginia
- Anthem HealthKeepers PlusAlso runs the foster care specialty plan
- Humana Healthy Horizons of VirginiaNew from July 1, 2025
- Sentara Health Plans
- UnitedHealthcare of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc.
Each plan is credentialed separately, has its own portal and its own appeal route. A practice that joins Virginia Medicaid through one plan is not in network with the others until each contract is in place.
Commercial payers and the prompt-pay law
Commercial payers active in Virginia7: HealthKeepers, Inc., Sentara Health Plans, CareFirst BlueChoice, Inc., Group Hospitalization and Medical Services, Inc., Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid-Atlantic States, Inc., Cigna Health and Life Insurance Co., Oscar Insurance Co., Optimum Choice, Inc. Filing windows, corrected-claim processes and appeal levels differ from one to the next, and each payer sets them out in its own provider manual; the timely filing limits table gathers verified payer deadlines with their sources.
Clean-claim payment window under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15: 40 days after the carrier receives the claim, unless a documented, reasonable basis makes the duty to pay unclear5. The carrier has 30 days from receipt to point out any defect that keeps the claim from being clean and ask for the missing information. Interest owed under Va. Code 38.2-3407.1 or the contract is paid without a demand, with the claim or within 60 days after it. The section covers carriers regulated under Title 38.2 and excludes Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP coverage, so Cardinal Care claims follow the plan contracts instead. That window sets the pace of A/R follow-up. Once a clean claim passes it, the claim is escalated to the payer with the statute cited, and interest is requested where the law provides for it.
NEMT and home care in Virginia
Non-emergency medical transportation. Broker model on both sides: DMAS contracts with ModivCare (formerly LogistiCare) for fee-for-service NEMT, and each Cardinal Care plan has its own broker, ModivCare for Aetna, Sentara, Humana and UnitedHealthcare, and Access2Care for Anthem8. Transportation providers do not enroll with DMAS for NEMT. They enroll with each broker, which enrolls providers and drivers, trains drivers, inspects vehicles, negotiates rates, preauthorizes and assigns trips, and pays for them. DMV operating authority and licensed vehicles are required first, and a broker may require more insurance than DMV does. The NEMT billing in Virginia page covers trip documentation, broker claims and reconciliation.
Electronic visit verification. Required for personal care, respite and companion services, including the consumer-directed versions added by the Virginia Appropriations Act, and for home health care services, for which DMAS received a good faith extension to July 20239. From October 1, 2026, every agency aide and consumer-directed attendant must record every shift with an approved EVV method, whether or not they live with the member. Consumer-directed attendants clock in and out through the fiscal employer agent's mobile app, with GPS turned on, or its IVR line; a shift entered through the web portal is not compliant. See home care billing in Virginia for waiver programs, EVV exceptions and authorizations.
Rules that change how Virginia claims are billed
Downcoded claims must show the CARC and RARC and get a 180-day dispute window5
Under Va. Code 38.2-3407.15, a carrier may downcode only through a natural person or a system that applies correct coding standards and weighs everything the provider documented on the claim. The explanation of payment must say the claim was downcoded, name the claim adjustment reason and remittance advice remark codes, and show how to dispute. The provider contract has to allow at least 180 days from the downcoding notice to file a dispute, a natural person decides every dispute, and you may dispute claims in batches per patient.
A paid claim can only be taken back within 12 months, with 30 days' notice5
A commercial carrier may retroactively deny or recover a paid claim only after naming the specific claims in writing and explaining why, and only if the claim was fraudulent, was paid twice or covered services not delivered, or the payment is no more than 12 months old. The carrier must give 30 days' notice before any recovery, unless you agreed in writing to offsets after the 12-month mark. A contract amendment takes effect only if you receive it at least 60 calendar days ahead and do not give notice to terminate within 30 days.
Out-of-network emergency and surgical claims go to negotiation, then arbitration11
An out-of-network clinician cannot balance bill a patient for emergency care, or for surgical or ancillary services at an in-network facility; the patient owes only in-network cost sharing. The carrier must offer a commercially reasonable amount within 30 calendar days of a clean claim, you have 30 calendar days from payment to dispute it, and the two sides have 30 calendar days from the initial offer to negotiate. After that, either side can start arbitration by notifying the State Corporation Commission within 10 calendar days and can bundle claims for the same carrier and related procedures falling within two months of each other.
Every Cardinal Care network clinician is enrolled and revalidated in PRSS1
Fee-for-service providers and Cardinal Care network providers alike must be enrolled in PRSS and revalidate at least every five years. DMAS sends the revalidation notice at least 90 days before the enrollment period ends, and a provider that misses the due date loses participation in fee-for-service and in every plan network until it re-enrolls.
For a denied fee-for-service claim, DMAS wants a corrected claim, not an appeal13
DMAS asks providers to correct and resubmit a denied fee-for-service claim instead of appealing, because an appeal addresses only the denial reasons on the remittance advice and does not reprocess anything. Resubmitted claims are processed within 30 days or less, and a second denial comes with its own edits and new appeal rights. Members in a Cardinal Care plan are billed to that plan, not to DMAS.
Services for Virginia practices
Remitwright serves Virginia practices remotely, inside the practice management or EHR system the practice already uses. A dedicated biller works the account; nothing is pooled. Each service below explains what that biller does.
- Medical billingClaims worked by one named biller
- CredentialingEnrollment, CAQH and PECOS kept current
- Eligibility verificationCoverage and benefits checked before visits
- Prior authorizationAuths requested, tracked, attached to claims
- Denial managementEvery denial read, worked and appealed
- A/R follow-upUnpaid claims chased before filing limits
FAQ
Questions from Virginia practices
What is the Virginia Medicaid timely filing limit?
Do we still need DMAS enrollment if we only see Cardinal Care plan members?
A commercial payer downcoded our visits. What does Virginia require of them?
A payer wants money back on claims from two years ago. Can they take it?
We were out of network for an emergency patient. How do we get paid?
How does EVV work for Virginia personal care, and what changed on October 1, 2026?
How does a Medicaid patient get a ride to our office in Virginia?
Which managed care plans run Medicaid in Virginia?
How quickly must insurers in Virginia pay a clean claim?
Who runs Medicaid in Virginia, and where do fee-for-service claims go?
Next step
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